Bibliographic citations
Sánchez, V., (2020). Síntomas gastrointestinales como manifestaciones extrapulmonares en pacientes con COVID-19. Una revisión narrativa [Tesis, Universidad Privada Antenor Orrego - UPAO]. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12759/7003
Sánchez, V., Síntomas gastrointestinales como manifestaciones extrapulmonares en pacientes con COVID-19. Una revisión narrativa [Tesis]. PE: Universidad Privada Antenor Orrego - UPAO; 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12759/7003
@misc{renati/381003,
title = "Síntomas gastrointestinales como manifestaciones extrapulmonares en pacientes con COVID-19. Una revisión narrativa",
author = "Sánchez Toro, Vivian Gabriela",
publisher = "Universidad Privada Antenor Orrego - UPAO",
year = "2020"
}
The COVID-19 pandemic is marking a milestone in the history of medicine and humanity. The SARS-CoV-2 infection mainly affects the respiratory system, generating from mild to severe disease; however, multiple extrapulmonary manifestations have also been observed in various systems and organs. Epithelial cells of digestive and hepatobiliary tract express ECA2 and TMPRSS2 necessary for viral entry, on the other hand, viral RNA has been detected in stool samples, even after being negativized in respiratory samples. The presence of clinical digestive manifestations is associated to a higher viral load and sometimes they can be the only manifestations of COVID-19, even in the absence of respiratory symptoms. The most common symptoms are anorexia (39.9% - 50.2%) and diarrhea (2% - 49.5%); followed by nausea (1% - 29.4%), vomiting (3.6% - 66.7%) and abdominal pain (2.2% - 6%), the latter being characteristic of seriously ill patients. The presence of gastrointestinal bleeding, hemorrhagic colitis or acute hepatitis is very rare. A characteristic finding in patients with COVID-19 is the elevation of transaminases, although these values usually are not greater than 5 times the upper normal limit, additionally hyperbilirubinemia can be a frequent finding. In case of a patient with gastrointestinal manifestations, COVID-19 must be considered within the differential diagnosis and all the necessary prevention measures must be taken, due to the potential risk of infection.
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