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Huanes, (2024). Ácido tranexámico prehospitalario en pacientes con trauma severo: Revisión sistemática y Metaanálisis [Tesis, Universidad Privada Antenor Orrego]. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12759/29291
Huanes, Ácido tranexámico prehospitalario en pacientes con trauma severo: Revisión sistemática y Metaanálisis [Tesis]. PE: Universidad Privada Antenor Orrego; 2024. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12759/29291
@misc{renati/379502,
title = "Ácido tranexámico prehospitalario en pacientes con trauma severo: Revisión sistemática y Metaanálisis",
author = "Huanes Zviaguina Irina Lisbeth",
publisher = "Universidad Privada Antenor Orrego",
year = "2024"
}
Title: Ácido tranexámico prehospitalario en pacientes con trauma severo: Revisión sistemática y Metaanálisis
Authors(s): Huanes Zviaguina Irina Lisbeth
Advisor(s): Caballero Alvarado, José Antonio
Keywords: Ácido Tranexámico; Prehospitalario
OCDE field: http://purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#3.02.27
Issue Date: 2024
Institution: Universidad Privada Antenor Orrego
Abstract: Determinar y comparar la efectividad del uso de ácido tranexámico
(ATX) prehospitalario en pacientes con trauma severo.
Métodos: Se efectuó una revisión sistemática en cinco bases de datos como
Pubmed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science y Cohrane Library donde se
incorporaron ensayos clínicos aleatorizados originales y estudios de cohortes
retrospectivos y prospectivos hasta octubre del 2023. Se utilizó la herramienta
ROBINS-I y ROB2 para evaluar el riesgo de sesgo de los estudios. Se llevó a
cabo un análisis del sesgo potencial en los estudios abarcados, y se empleó un
modelo de efectos constantes o variables según la heterogeneidad encontrada.
Resultado: Incluimos un ensayo clínico aleatorizado (ECA) y cuatro cohortes
con un total de 1423 pacientes tratados con ácido tranexámico prehospitalario,
comparado con 1429 pacientes que recibieron placebo. Con relación a la
mortalidad dentro de las 24 horas, se observó una disminución de la mortalidad
(RR=0.64, IC 95% [0.45 – 0.93], P= 0.02, I² = 0%). De la misma forma, también
se observó un reducción en cuanto a la mortalidad a los 30 días (RR=0.73, IC
95% [0.59 – 0.89], P= 0.002, I² = 36%). Por otro lado, en cuanto a los efectos
adversos, no se evidenció una diferencia significativa bajo el uso del ATX y
placebo (RR=0.96, IC 95% [0.50 – 1.86], P= 0.91, I² = 20%). Finalmente, en
cuanto a la estancia hospitalaria, se encontró una diferencia media (MD) de -
3.25 días a favor del uso de ATX prehospitalario (IC 95% [-5.54 – -0.85], P=
0.008, I² = 99%).
Conclusiones: La efectividad del uso de ácido tranexámico prehospitalario se
ve notablemente reducida en los pacientes con trauma severo. Esto resalta la
relevancia de administrar la dosis de ATX en la fase prehospitalaria y de incluirla
dentro del tratamiento del trauma en casos de sangrado importante o sospecha
del mismo, sin importar la gravedad de la lesión
To determine and compare the effectiveness of prehospital tranexamic acid (TXA) use in patients with severe trauma. Methods: A systematic review was conducted across five databases including PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library, where original randomized clinical trials and retrospective and prospective cohort studies up to October 2023 were included. The ROBINS-I and ROB2 tools were used to assess the risk of bias in the studies. An analysis of potential bias in the included studies was performed, and a fixed or random effects model was used based on the heterogeneity found. Result: We included one randomized clinical trial (RCT) and four cohorts with a total of 1423 patients treated with prehospital tranexamic acid, compared with 1429 patients receiving placebo. Regarding mortality within 24 hours, a decrease in mortality was observed (RR=0.64, 95% CI [0.45 – 0.93], P= 0.02, I² = 0%). Similarly, a reduction in mortality at 30 days was also observed (RR=0.73, 95% CI [0.59 – 0.89], P= 0.002, I² = 36%). On the other hand, regarding adverse effects, there was no significant difference between the use of TXA and placebo (RR=0.96, 95% CI [0.50 – 1.86], P= 0.91, I² = 20%). Finally, regarding hospital stay, a mean difference (MD) of -3.25 days was found in favor of the use of prehospital TXA (95% CI [-5.54 – -0.85], P= 0.008, I² = 99%). Conclusions: The effectiveness of prehospital tranexamic acid use is markedly reduced in patients with severe trauma. This highlights the relevance of administering the TXA dose in the prehospital phase and including it within the trauma treatment in cases of significant or suspected bleeding, regardless of the severity of the injury
To determine and compare the effectiveness of prehospital tranexamic acid (TXA) use in patients with severe trauma. Methods: A systematic review was conducted across five databases including PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library, where original randomized clinical trials and retrospective and prospective cohort studies up to October 2023 were included. The ROBINS-I and ROB2 tools were used to assess the risk of bias in the studies. An analysis of potential bias in the included studies was performed, and a fixed or random effects model was used based on the heterogeneity found. Result: We included one randomized clinical trial (RCT) and four cohorts with a total of 1423 patients treated with prehospital tranexamic acid, compared with 1429 patients receiving placebo. Regarding mortality within 24 hours, a decrease in mortality was observed (RR=0.64, 95% CI [0.45 – 0.93], P= 0.02, I² = 0%). Similarly, a reduction in mortality at 30 days was also observed (RR=0.73, 95% CI [0.59 – 0.89], P= 0.002, I² = 36%). On the other hand, regarding adverse effects, there was no significant difference between the use of TXA and placebo (RR=0.96, 95% CI [0.50 – 1.86], P= 0.91, I² = 20%). Finally, regarding hospital stay, a mean difference (MD) of -3.25 days was found in favor of the use of prehospital TXA (95% CI [-5.54 – -0.85], P= 0.008, I² = 99%). Conclusions: The effectiveness of prehospital tranexamic acid use is markedly reduced in patients with severe trauma. This highlights the relevance of administering the TXA dose in the prehospital phase and including it within the trauma treatment in cases of significant or suspected bleeding, regardless of the severity of the injury
Link to repository: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12759/29291
Discipline: Medicina
Grade or title grantor: Universidad Privada Antenor Orrego. Facultad de Medicina Humana
Grade or title: Medico Cirujano
Juror: Lozano Peralta, Katherine Yolanda; Lujan Calvo, María del Carmen; Acevedo Valdiviezo, Julio Cesar
Register date: 17-May-2024
This item is licensed under a Creative Commons License