Citas bibligráficas
Martel, Y., (2023). Efecto del método de extracción en las características fisicoquímicas y funcionales de almidón de cañihua (Chenopodium pallidicaule Aellen) [Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina]. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12996/6384
Martel, Y., Efecto del método de extracción en las características fisicoquímicas y funcionales de almidón de cañihua (Chenopodium pallidicaule Aellen) []. PE: Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina; 2023. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12996/6384
@misc{renati/249212,
title = "Efecto del método de extracción en las características fisicoquímicas y funcionales de almidón de cañihua (Chenopodium pallidicaule Aellen)",
author = "Martel Aranda, Yeferson",
publisher = "Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina",
year = "2023"
}
Cañihua is a pseudocereal native to the Andean highlands that, even with equal or better nutritional and functional properties than quinoa or amaranth, has received little attention. In addition to standing out for its protein content and quality, cañihua also has a high starch content, distinguishing itself from commercial sources due to its very small granule size (0,5 – 1,5 µm), which gives it unique properties. In order to study the potential functionality of cañihua starch, it is necessary to select an extraction method that, in addition to presenting high yield and purity, does not alter its functional properties. Due to the high content of protein, fat and fiber in this grain, extraction methods with alkaline solvents are recommended; however, the effect they may produce on its functional properties is not known. Due to the aforementioned, the objective of this research was to study the effect of three extraction methods of cañihua starch of the Illpa INIA variety on yield, purity, and its physical-chemical and functional properties: a) M1: under aqueous soaking/ 12 h with subsequent washings with 0,25 percent NAOH solution, b) M2: soaking in 0,25 percent NaOH solution/12h with subsequent washings with water and c) M3: extraction under aqueous soaking/12h with subsequent washings with water, compared to cornstarch (control). The results obtained were statistically analyzed using the completely randomized design (DCA) and later a comparison of means using the LSD Tukey test. The alkaline methods (M1 and M2) presented high yields compared to the aqueous method. Treatment M1 obtained the highest yield (37,06 percent), followed by M2 (35,34 percent) and M3 (26,39 percent). The cañihua starches obtained under the three extraction methods presented low content of fat (0 – 0,20 percent), protein (0,78 – 1,56 percent), crude fiber (0 – 0,02 percent), amylose (10,54 – 15,60 percent) and high values of luminosity and whiteness index, which indicated the high degree of purity. The treatment with greater exposure to the alkaline medium (M2) produced changes in most of the functional properties, presenting lower solubility at 95 °C (12,9; 11,2 and 12,2 percent for M1, M2 and M3, respectively), lower swelling power (13,8; 11,8 and 13.3 percent for M1, M2 and M3, respectively), greater syneresis in refrigeration (8,9; 21,3 and 9,5 percent for M1, M2 and M3, respectively). In its paste formation properties, it presented lower peak, minimum, and final viscosity and higher setback. Their gels presented a non-Newtonian, pseudoplastic type behavior and were harder. The three treatments did not show significant differences in their thermal properties (Tp, To, Tc and ΔH of gelatinization). The results showed that prolonged exposure to alkaline media produces important changes in the functional properties of starch that would affect its potential agro-industrial use. Finally, cañihua starch stood out with respect to corn starch, due to its lower amylose content, less clarity, greater whiteness, less syneresis, lower temperatures and gelatinization energy, higher maximum viscosity and less tendency to retrogradation, lower hardness lo that distinguishes it as a potential source with unique properties. The results show that prolonged exposure to alkaline media produces important changes in the functional properties of starch that would affect its potential agro-industrial use. Finally, cañihua starch stands out with respect to corn starch, due to its lower amylose content, lower clarity, higher whiteness, lower syneresis, lower temperatures and gelatinization energy, higher maximum viscosity and lower tendency to retrogradation, lower hardness that distinguishes it as a potential source with unique properties
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