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Barzola, A., (2024). Tipos de biochar en la remediación del cadmio en el cultivo de maíz (Zea mays L.) en invernadero [Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina]. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12996/6503
Barzola, A., Tipos de biochar en la remediación del cadmio en el cultivo de maíz (Zea mays L.) en invernadero []. PE: Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina; 2024. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12996/6503
@misc{renati/247058,
title = "Tipos de biochar en la remediación del cadmio en el cultivo de maíz (Zea mays L.) en invernadero",
author = "Barzola Pérez, Araceli Yóselin",
publisher = "Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina",
year = "2024"
}
Title: Tipos de biochar en la remediación del cadmio en el cultivo de maíz (Zea mays L.) en invernadero
Authors(s): Barzola Pérez, Araceli Yóselin
Advisor(s): Loli Figueroa, Oscar Oswaldo
Keywords: Cadmio
OCDE field: https://purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#4.01.04
Issue Date: 2024
Institution: Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina
Abstract: Las altas concentraciones de cadmio presentes en los suelos agrícolas del país están generando grandes limitaciones en la agricultura, viéndose principalmente afectados los cultivos de agroexportación. Esto se debe a los estrictos reglamentos establecidos en los países de destino mediante los que se restringe la entrada de productos agrícolas con altas concentraciones del metal. Por ello, se planteó este ensayo en invernadero, utilizando biochar como enmienda orgánica y su efecto en la disponibilidad de cadmio en suelos contaminados de La Molina utilizando maíz (Zea mays L.) como bioindicador. El objetivo principal fue evaluar el efecto de dos tipos de biochar: de cascarilla de arroz y bambú, producidos a 300°C y aplicados en cuatro dosis: 0%, 7.5%, 15% y 30% (%v). Estadísticamente los resultados fueron evaluados siguiendo la distribución en diseño completamente al azar, con análisis factorial de 4 x 2 x 4. Este trabajo se complementó con el análisis del efecto residual de las enmiendas orgánicas. Los resultados mostraron una reducción significativa de la concentración de cadmio en las plantas de maíz por efecto de la aplicación de biochar, siendo el de bambú el más eficiente a una dosis de 15%, mostrando valores promedio de 0.31 y 0.34 mg de Cd.kg -1 de raíces y hojas, respectivamente. En cuanto al efecto residual, se observó una acumulación de cadmio en el sistema radicular mayor que en la primera campaña. Por otro lado, ambas enmiendas presentaron efectos positivos sobre la producción de materia seca, así como en la absorción de nitrógeno en las plantas de maíz, siendo más eficiente el tratamiento con biochar de bambú a 7.5%. Se presentaron valores de materia seca de 7.02 y 61.96 g.maceta-1 en raíces y hojas, y valores de absorción de nitrógeno de 1406.94 y 1136.94 mg de N.maceta-1 en la primera y segunda campaña, respectivamente.
The high concentrations of cadmium present in the agricultural soils of the country are generating great limitations in agriculture, affecting mainly agro-export crops. Agricultural products with high concentrations of this metal cannot enter the countries of destination due to their regulations regarding Cd concentration thresholds. Thus, the purpose of this greenhouse investigation was to evaluate the effects of the organic amendment biochar on the availability of cadmium from contaminated soils from La Molina using maize (Zea mays L.) as a bio-indicator. The main objective of this investigation was to evaluate the effect of two types of biochar. The first one produced from rice husks and the second one produced from bamboo, each one burnt at 300°C. Four application rates were applied with each type of biochar: 0%, 7.5%, 15%, and 30% (v%). The study was conducted in a factorial arrangement of eight treatments with four replications (pots) per treatment. The pots were distributed in a Completely Randomized Design. A subsequent crop was also evaluated to assess the residual effect of the treatments. The results showed that biochar applications significantly decreased Cd concentration in maize roots and leaves with bamboo biochar at 15% being the most efficient, showing average concentrations of 0.31 mg Cd.kg-1 and 0.34 mg Cd.kg-1 in roots and leaves, respectively. Regarding the residual effect of the biochar application an increase of Cd concentration in roots was observed in the second crop. Concerning dry weight and nitrogen absorption, both amendments presented positive effects on the plants of the study, being bamboo biochar at 7.5% more efficient than the other treatments. Plants showed averages of 7.02 g.pot-1 and 61.96 g.pot-1 in dry weight of roots and leaves, and 1406.94 mg N. pot-1 and 1136.94 mg N. pot-1 in nitrogen absorption in the first and second yield, respectively.
The high concentrations of cadmium present in the agricultural soils of the country are generating great limitations in agriculture, affecting mainly agro-export crops. Agricultural products with high concentrations of this metal cannot enter the countries of destination due to their regulations regarding Cd concentration thresholds. Thus, the purpose of this greenhouse investigation was to evaluate the effects of the organic amendment biochar on the availability of cadmium from contaminated soils from La Molina using maize (Zea mays L.) as a bio-indicator. The main objective of this investigation was to evaluate the effect of two types of biochar. The first one produced from rice husks and the second one produced from bamboo, each one burnt at 300°C. Four application rates were applied with each type of biochar: 0%, 7.5%, 15%, and 30% (v%). The study was conducted in a factorial arrangement of eight treatments with four replications (pots) per treatment. The pots were distributed in a Completely Randomized Design. A subsequent crop was also evaluated to assess the residual effect of the treatments. The results showed that biochar applications significantly decreased Cd concentration in maize roots and leaves with bamboo biochar at 15% being the most efficient, showing average concentrations of 0.31 mg Cd.kg-1 and 0.34 mg Cd.kg-1 in roots and leaves, respectively. Regarding the residual effect of the biochar application an increase of Cd concentration in roots was observed in the second crop. Concerning dry weight and nitrogen absorption, both amendments presented positive effects on the plants of the study, being bamboo biochar at 7.5% more efficient than the other treatments. Plants showed averages of 7.02 g.pot-1 and 61.96 g.pot-1 in dry weight of roots and leaves, and 1406.94 mg N. pot-1 and 1136.94 mg N. pot-1 in nitrogen absorption in the first and second yield, respectively.
Link to repository: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12996/6503
Note: Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. Facultad de Agronomía. Departamento Académico de Suelos
Discipline: Agronomía
Grade or title grantor: Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. Facultad de Agronomía
Grade or title: Ingeniero Agrónomo
Juror: Sevilla Panizo, Ricardo Jesús; Tomassini Vidal, Luis Rodrigo; Bazán Tapia, Luis Rubén
Register date: 13-May-2024
This item is licensed under a Creative Commons License