Bibliographic citations
Velásquez, F., (2019). Obtención y aplicación de almidones modificados por esterificación (OSA) a partir de almidones nativos provenientes de tubérculos andinos [Tesis, Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina]. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12996/4250
Velásquez, F., Obtención y aplicación de almidones modificados por esterificación (OSA) a partir de almidones nativos provenientes de tubérculos andinos [Tesis]. : Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina; 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12996/4250
@phdthesis{renati/246367,
title = "Obtención y aplicación de almidones modificados por esterificación (OSA) a partir de almidones nativos provenientes de tubérculos andinos",
author = "Velásquez Barreto, Frank Fluker",
publisher = "Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina",
year = "2019"
}
The Andean tubers, in some cases used only for the self-consumption of the community that grows them, contain starch as the main component, which has been little studied in their functional properties. This work aimed to obtain and characterize native and modified starches by OSA (succinic octinyl anhydride) esterification from Andean tubers, as well as evaluate some applications of these starches as encapsulating agents of a purple mashua extract and in the formation of oil-water emulsions. Tubers of yellow mashua, yellow oca, pink oca, and yellow olluco freshly harvested were washed and selected and the starch was extracted by successive washing, sedimentation, and dried on the oven. For the modification, the starches were selected based on the extraction yield and modified with OSA at a pH of 8.5 to 9 for 6 h of reaction. After the modification process, the starches were washed and spray-dried. SEM morphology, granule size distribution, thermal properties, paste formation properties, infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction of native and modified starches were characterized. As a result of the modification, two new peaks were formed at 1572 and 1724 cm-1 in the infrared spectrum and X-ray diffraction spectra had similar profiles in native starches and OSA. The size of the starches was slightly increased in OSA starches and the morphology of the OSA starches changed slightly compared to the natives. The temperatures and enthalpies of gelatinization were lower in the modified starches and the peak viscosities were higher in OSA starches. OSA pink oca starch was selected to be used as an encapsulating agent in the optimization of microencapsualization by atomization of purple mashua extracts because the encapsulates presented the highest efficiency of anthocyanin encapsulation. The optimum atomization condition was at a temperature of 140 °C and encapsulant percentage of 2 percent, which maximized encapsulation efficiency, antioxidant capacity, total phenols and solubility and minimized the variables water activity (aw) and hygroscopicity of the atomized extracts of purple mashua. OSA modified starches, in general, showed better emulsification rates than native starches and the formation of emulsions was corroborated by the increase in viscoelasticity in emulsions.
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