Bibliographic citations
Salavarría, E., (2018). Comparación de transcriptoma global de Macrocystis pyrifera (Laminariales) en la zona intermareal y submareal, San Juan de Marcona. Ica. Perú [Tesis, Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina]. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12996/3241
Salavarría, E., Comparación de transcriptoma global de Macrocystis pyrifera (Laminariales) en la zona intermareal y submareal, San Juan de Marcona. Ica. Perú [Tesis]. : Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina; 2018. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12996/3241
@phdthesis{renati/245294,
title = "Comparación de transcriptoma global de Macrocystis pyrifera (Laminariales) en la zona intermareal y submareal, San Juan de Marcona. Ica. Perú",
author = "Salavarría Palma, Erika Alexandra",
publisher = "Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina",
year = "2018"
}
The transcriptomics of brown macroalgae for the comparative study of the genes involved in their regulation under natural conditions of immersion and emersion by the effect of the tides has been scarcely investigated. Due to the economic importance of Macrocystis pyrifera, its global transcriptome was characterized, using RNA seq technology (Illumina NextSeq 500), and identified the genes that are expressed during abiotic stress in intertidal and subtidal conditions for transcriptomic map analysis and adaptive responses in the face of such variable changes in its natural environment. At the same time, to relate the environmental variables, the chemical analysis of the seawater samples collected in the study area was carried out at 0 m (T2A) and 10 m deep (T2B) or control condition. Proximal chemical analyzes were carried out, such as biomass yield and sodium alginate gel extracted from whole plants of Macrocystis pyrifera, collected in San Juan de Marcona, central Peru; as well as viscosity tests were carried out for both depths. In addition, scanning electron microbial MEB analyzes were performed on the samples of the fronds collected for transcriptomic studies and EDX energy dispersion microanalysis. The analysis of RNA-seq produced 101,468 non-redundant unigenes with an average of 827 bp. 30,559 functional transcripts with coding regions (30.1%) were identified. The transcripts were annotated using the NCBI database and the BLAST program 2.2.31, by comparing with the known protein sequences of the brown algae Ectocarpus siliculosus with an E value <10-5, 96,997 unigenes were obtained. We identified 34 unigenes for the synthesis of wall polysaccharides. The gene ontology analysis identified 9,331 genes and 8,429 unigenes involved in 50 known metabolic pathways. Based on the values obtained from the reading per kilobase per million (RPKM), 9,519 (9.4%) unigenes differentially expressed between the treatments of 0 meters and 10 meters deep were determined; these included 4,556 induced unigenes and 4,963 repressed unigenes, suggesting that there is differential expression of genes associated with dry conditions. When carrying out the characterization of the transcriptomic profile of M. pyrifera, the response, during the desiccation, consisted in the activation of the thermal stress tolerance proteins; for example Heat shock protein (Hsp 90) and repression of aquaporin synthesis pathways. At the same time, it induced a differential response in the biosynthesis processes of wall polysaccharides such as alginate; Actactivized ROS detoxification systems such as the Vanadium-dependent bromoperoxidase and primary metabolic processes such as the production of photosynthetic pyruvate. Finally, we observed the presence of important pathways such as L-ascorbate (Smirnoff-Wheeler pathway), synthesis of Aprataxin, phytohormones and the repression of genes involved in the assimilation of nitrogen. Seawater quality analyzes coincided with the results obtained at the molecular level and allowed comparing important information to better understand the response of M. pyrifera to stress conditions. The proximal chemical analyzes reported higher performance of the sodium alginate gel in the T2B treatment, this agrees with the transcriptional profile of M. pyrifera in the condition of 10 meters of depth (T2B) where there is an over expression of the genes for the synthesis of alginates. When comparing the viscosity of a commercial sample of Sigma-Aldrich® brand sodium alginate with the T2B treatment, the results of the Peruvian alginate have a quality equivalent to 50% in relation to the commercial alginate, at a concentration of 70%. In the Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analyzes of the samples collected at 10 meters (T2B), the presence of polysaccharides was observed in the cell walls, in the form of spongy structures. The EDX analyzes indicate a higher percentage of the atomic composition and weight of elements such as carbon (C) in the cell wall, in relation to the parenchyma, in the T2B condition. The de novo transcriptomic map of M. pyrifera showed a wide adaptive response to changes so variable in its natural environment. Consequently, M. pyrifera presented a great capacity for tolerance to the effects of abiotic stress. The presence of wall polysaccharides, such as sodium alginate, presented an important role in the ionic regulation for the adaptation of Macrocystis to stress due to the effect of drying and in the response to stress in general
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