Factores de riesgo relacionados al aborto en adolescentes atendidas en dos hospitales de Iquitos, diciembre 2022 a abril 2023

Abstract

Determinar la relación que existe entre los factores de riesgo y el aborto en adolescentes atendidas en dos Hospitales de Iquitos, diciembre 2022 a abril 2023. Metodología. Estudio cuantitativo, no experimental, descriptivo, correlacional, de corte transversal y prospectivo. Muestra: todas las adolescentes de 14 a 19 años con diagnóstico de aborto. Resultado. Incidencia de aborto del 29.6%. Factores sociodemográficos: 69.4% y 50.9% entre 15 a 19 años, 67.8% y 45.5% de nivel secundaria, 57.0% y 45.5% de procedencia urbana, 80.2% y 63.6% solteras, 49.6% y 46.4% son estudiantes. Factores gíneco-obstétricos: 91.7% y 89.1% iniciaron menarquia entre los 9 a 14 años, 67.8% y 72.7% iniciaron relaciones sexuales antes de 15 años, 47.9% y 45.5% tuvo dos parejas sexuales, 72.7% y 87.2% no usaron métodos anticonceptivos, el 74.4% y 41.8% sin embarazos previos y mayor de 1 respectivamente, 66.9% y 92.7% sin aborto previo, el 57.0% y 60.0% tenía entre 9 a 13 semanas de embarazo. El 43.0% y 55.5% de adolescentes presentaron aborto incompleto, seguido de un 21.5% y 13.6% de aborto frustro. Conclusión. Con un valor de p 0,05, existe una correlación sustancial entre los diferentes tipos de aborto, la edad adolescente, el número de embarazos y la edad gestacional.

Determine the relationship between risk factors and abortion in adolescents treated in two Hospitals in Iquitos, December 2022 to April 2023. Methodology. Quantitative, non-experimental, descriptive, correlational, cross-sectional and prospective study. Sample: all adolescents from 14 to 19 years old with a diagnosis of abortion. Outcome. Abortion incidence of 29.6% of all adolescents. Sociodemographic factors: 69.4% and 50.9% aged 15 to 19 years, 67.8% and 45.5% secondary level, 57.0% and 45.5% of urban origin, 80.2% and 63.6% single, 49.6% and 46.4% student occupation. Gynecological-obstetric factors: 91.7% and 89.1% began menarche between 9 and 14 years of age, 67.8% and 72.7% began sexual relations before 15 years of age, 47.9% and 45.5% had two sexual partners, 72.7% and 87.2% did not use contraceptive methods, 74.4% and 41.8% without pregnancy previous and greater than 1 respectively, 66.9% and 92.7% without previous abortion, 57.0% and 60.0% were between 9 and 13 weeks pregnant. 43.0% and 55.5% of the adolescents presented incomplete abortion, followed by 21.5% and 13.6% botched abortion. Conclusion. With a p value of 0.05, there is a substantial correlation between different types of abortion, adolescent age, number of pregnancies, and gestational age.