Bibliographic citations
Quispe, M., (2020). Caracterización del sobrepeso y obesidad en niños de 3 a 5 años de tres instituciones educativas iniciales del Cusco, 2020 [Tesis, Universidad Andina del Cusco]. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12557/3383
Quispe, M., Caracterización del sobrepeso y obesidad en niños de 3 a 5 años de tres instituciones educativas iniciales del Cusco, 2020 [Tesis]. : Universidad Andina del Cusco; 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12557/3383
@misc{renati/18900,
title = "Caracterización del sobrepeso y obesidad en niños de 3 a 5 años de tres instituciones educativas iniciales del Cusco, 2020",
author = "Quispe Del Castillo, Marco Antonio",
publisher = "Universidad Andina del Cusco",
year = "2020"
}
Background: Overweight and obesity are considered as the epidemic of the 21st century, affecting all countries, ethnic groups and ages, affecting over the last decades and its impact on morbidity and mortality and high health spending. The prevalence in the child and youth population is mostly in middle-income to low-income countries. The number of infants and young children are overweight and obese increased worldwide, from 31 million in 1990 to 42 million in 2013. Being able to reach 70 million in 2025 if it is not intervened. The prevalence of childhood overweight in children under 05 years of age has increased in the last 35 years. In Peru, the prevalence of obesity in children between 05 and 09 years of age was 7.3% in 2008 increased to 14.8% in 2014, this excess weight being worrisome and increasingly common to find in children and adolescents It is closely related to changes in the increasingly sedentary lifestyles and with diets that move away from the traditional food pattern of each region, changes that become difficult habits to modify and therefore have a huge impact on health and health. The quality of life, being a problem that increases the risk of suffering chronic noncommunicable diseases even from childhood. Method: It is a descriptive, analytical study of quantitative approach of observational and transversal design. The sample of 138 preschoolers corresponds to 03 private initial educational institutions of Cusco, 2020. In which each child was measured and stalk and the calculation of the body mass index was performed, a CDC BMI table was taken to boys and girls from 02 to 20 years old, and determine their current condition by percentiles. A questionnaire and the Kreceplus test were also applied to the parents. A database was obtained in Microsoft Excel 2013, which was added to the SPSS v 25.0 program, the statistical relationship between the variables and the excess weight was studied; using the Chi 2 2 ) statistical analysis with a 95% level of significance (p < 0.05) and for the degree of association Odds Ratio (OR) with IC 95%. (X Results: the prevalence of overweight and obesity is 26.8 % represented by 37 preschoolers, of which 15 are overweight and 16 are overweight, obesity is 05 males and 01 female, the perinatal characteristic; birth weight in more than 4 kg and less than 2.5 kg presented a Chi 9,625 and a p <0.05 and Odds Ratio (OR) of 3,783 (1,582 - 9045) IC 95%; Regarding exclusive mixed or artificial lactation in the first 06 months of life, there is a Chi 2 of 6,069 with a p <0.05, the OR 2,612 (1,202 - 5,674), in the social characteristics the variables presented a p> 0.05; In the family characteristics, a p> 0.05 was presented for the variables working hours more than 8 hours, growth control and development of 3 to less visits per year, feeding with the parents once a day a p> 0.05, instead in the Variable hours of sleep less than 10 hours and increased weight of the parents have a p <0.05 and OR 15,943 (2,091-121,572) and OR 15,258 (5,773-40,324) with corresponding IC 95%, in the environmental characteristic preparation of the lunch box outside the home, physical activity from 3 hours to less per day, usual diet with low nutritional level was found at p <0.05 and OR 36.061 (8,173-159,108); OR = 20,533 (7,200-58,559); OR = 2,736 (1,225-6,113) with IC 95%. The variable knows the Law 30021 presented a p <0.05. 2 Conclusions: The prevalence of overweight was identified as 22.5% and obesity 4.3% in the 138 children, the characteristics of the overweight and obese child are a history of birth weight with more than 4 kg and less than 2.5 kg, non-exclusive or artificial breastfeeding in the first 06 months of life, weight gain (overweight or obesity) of one or both parents, sleeping less than 10 hours a day, preparing the child's lunch box outside the home, sedentary physical activity and a diet with low nutritional levels are related to overweight and obesity in children from these three initial private institutions in Cusco.
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