Bibliographic citations
Heredia, J., (2023). Diversidad de hongos micorrízicos arbusculares asociados a pitahayas nativas y exótica (Hylocereus spp.) en San Martín, Perú [Universidad Nacional de San Martín. Fondo Editorial]. http://hdl.handle.net/11458/5570
Heredia, J., Diversidad de hongos micorrízicos arbusculares asociados a pitahayas nativas y exótica (Hylocereus spp.) en San Martín, Perú []. PE: Universidad Nacional de San Martín. Fondo Editorial; 2023. http://hdl.handle.net/11458/5570
@misc{renati/1055009,
title = "Diversidad de hongos micorrízicos arbusculares asociados a pitahayas nativas y exótica (Hylocereus spp.) en San Martín, Perú",
author = "Heredia Montalvo, Jhoon Gerly",
publisher = "Universidad Nacional de San Martín. Fondo Editorial",
year = "2023"
}
In Peru, Hylocereus megalanthus, Hylocereus costaricensis and Hylocereus undatus have been recorded as commercial species introduced to the Peruvian territory. The development and agricultural management of this crop in the San Martin Region and the country is considered to be recent. However, in the San Martin Region there are several accessions of native Pitahayas in the wild, which are currently being used as a source of propagation to implement new plots. Given this, the possible risk of trying to cultivate these plants for productive purposes was observed, due to the conditions required for their adaptation, therefore the need arose to investigate the diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), these are microorganisms that are found within the soil microbiota generating symbiosis with most botanical taxa. In addition, at present, there is no information on the diversity of AMF associated with the family Cactaceae, specifically with pitahaya (Hylocereus spp.). The work began by collecting rhizospheric soil samples from different pitahaya cultivars in the San Martin region. Then the spores of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi were extracted from the soil samples and it was determined that the roots of native and exotic pitahaya were colonized by these microorganisms. Through wet sieving of the soil, a total of 37 species of native pitahaya and 40 species of exotic pitahaya were identified at the morphological level, belonging to 17 genera and 8 families, with the genus Acaulospora being the most representative. According to the ecological indexes evaluated, it was observed that the native pitahaya presented a richness (S) of 5.0 and the exotic pitahaya one of 4.7; the Shannon index (H) obtained was 1.01 in native pitahaya and 0.92 in exotic pitahaya, the Simpson index (D) obtained in exotic pitahaya was 0.51 and in exotic pitahaya it was 0.48. By performing a correlation analysis, an indirect correlation was identified between species diversity and edaphic conditions of the samples obtained, meaning that richness increases if there is a low concentration of phosphorus (P), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), potassium (K), base saturation (SB) and hydrogen potential (pH) levels. The non-metric multidimensional scaling analysis (NMDS) determined that the species that alter the structural community of AMF are Acaulospora rehmii, Ambispora fennica Dominikia aurea and Glomus glomerolatum, possibly due to different edaphoclimatic factors present in the sampling area. The analysis of the percentage of colonization showed that the native pitahaya presented a significant difference, with a mean of 33.72 for native pitahaya and 20.86 for pitahaya. When comparing the results between the AMF community of native pitahaya and exotic pitahaya, there was no significant difference.
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