Citas bibligráficas
Viera, M., (2020). Remoción de parafinas y mejoramiento del factor de recobro mediante uso de químicos multifuncionales y biodegradables para incrementar la productividad en pozos petroleros [Tesis, Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería]. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14076/21631
Viera, M., Remoción de parafinas y mejoramiento del factor de recobro mediante uso de químicos multifuncionales y biodegradables para incrementar la productividad en pozos petroleros [Tesis]. PE: Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería; 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14076/21631
@mastersthesis{renati/711256,
title = "Remoción de parafinas y mejoramiento del factor de recobro mediante uso de químicos multifuncionales y biodegradables para incrementar la productividad en pozos petroleros",
author = "Viera Palacios, Maria Rosario",
publisher = "Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería",
year = "2020"
}
The oil produced in the fields of the Peruvian Northwest, of the HCT type (High Cold Test - High Freezing Point) is of a high paraffinic content, which is why during production operations it presents difficulties such as the accumulation of paraffins in the production pipes and flow lines, leading to one of the major problems in the production of crude from a mature field. On the other hand, in these same fields the Oil Recovery Factor has low values even of the order of 10%. These problems merit an evaluation to have cost-effective alternative solutions that contribute to the increase in crude oil production. The objective of the thesis is to evaluate the removal of paraffins from the production pipes and increase the Recovery Factor (FR) through the use of multifunctional and biodegradable chemicals. The present investigation is based on applying a surfactant chemical in different concentrations and different dynamic conditions (agitation) using oil samples from the Northwest of the country. For which a testing loop or pipes with a synthetic core made of sand were used, which simulates the behavior of the reservoir. For this purpose, the properties of the crude oil sample and the crude oil sample with the chemical surfactant were evaluated. Kinematic viscosity and pour point were changed by the addition of the surfactant chemical, as shown in section IV.2. In the removal of paraffins through the use of the surfactant chemical in previously defined concentrations, its removal was achieved under 2 conditions: the first is considering a static rest time of the sample for 24 hours and the second under dynamic conditions, moving the sample with a magnetic stirrer at 300 RPM. Regarding the oil displacement tests by water and the use of the chemical surfactant in certain concentrations, in a porous medium specially prepared and represented by sand in an artificial packaging (sand pack), the experimental results indicate the following: It was possible to simulate the process of displacement of crude oil by water in said porous medium, with a constant water flow of 0.2 ml /s, a pressure differential at 13 psi and standard temperature. The experimental model used allows to obtain a good repeatability of the tests, and regarding the Recovery Factor (FR) the results obtained allow to verify an increase of said factor, as described in section IV.7. This achievement is possible due to the properties of the surfactant chemical, whose chemical structure has a polar or hydrophilic part (the head) with an affinity for water, and a non-polar part that is hydrophobic (the tail) with an affinity for hydrocarbons. The long carbon chains typical of a paraffinic crude are related to the hydrophobic or non-polar part of the surfactant, which weaken the forces of the crystallized paraffin layers that can accumulate on the wall of the pipe, achieving a dissolution effect. The increase in the Recovery Factor (FR) achieved in the experiment allows us to infer that the surfactant chemical simultaneously influenced the Interfacial Tension and the Contact Angle, which led to a change in the Capillary Forces, which manifests itself in a change in the wettability in the rock, oil and crude system.
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