Bibliographic citations
Carhuamaca, V., Aronés, H. (2024). Evaluación de impactos ambientales y desarrollo de propuestas de mitigación de impactos para viviendas de emergencia en la región de Pisco [Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú]. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12404/26901
Carhuamaca, V., Aronés, H. Evaluación de impactos ambientales y desarrollo de propuestas de mitigación de impactos para viviendas de emergencia en la región de Pisco []. PE: Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú; 2024. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12404/26901
@misc{renati/530409,
title = "Evaluación de impactos ambientales y desarrollo de propuestas de mitigación de impactos para viviendas de emergencia en la región de Pisco",
author = "Aronés Ortega, Harold Aaron",
publisher = "Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú",
year = "2024"
}
Peru is a country that has experienced natural disasters of great magnitude, resulting in significant losses of human lives and infrastructure. In response to these emergencies, the process of urban rehabilitation in affected areas has been carried out through housing reconstruction programs. However, the large-scale construction of these houses has notable environmental impacts because the construction sector is responsible for a significant amount of greenhouse gas emissions and global energy consumption. Therefore, this research focuses on the housing reconstruction project “Renacer,“ which evaluates and quantifies environmental impacts throughout the life cycle using the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology. The analyzed environmental impact categories include global warming potential, human toxicity, fine particulate matter formation, acidification, marine eutrophication, and fossil resource scarcity. Furthermore, the analysis follows a “cradle-to-gate“ approach, considering the entire life cycle from raw material extraction to the completion of the construction process. Additionally, normalization and weighting of the impacts of each proposed alternative have been developed to standardize the results and propose a less subjective eco-design. The results obtained show that the materials that contribute the most to the impacts of each impact category are concrete, steel and clay bricks. In addition, with respect to the scenarios proposed, the use of pozzolanic cement leads to a reduction from 14.3% to 18.6% in most impact categories. In the case of the sand lime brick, the impacts were reduced in a range of 8.7% 14.3%. Regarding gypsum plasterboard, its use generates a reduction from 4% to 10.4%, however, it generates an increase of up to 42.5% in human toxicity in masonry modules. In general, the same redaction trend is not obtained for each impact category to be analyzed, mainly due to the difference that exists both in the substances and chemical compounds emitted and in the extraction process of each material. Finally, the results were standardized through normalization with the reference factors provided by the report published by the European Commission: Global normalization factors for the Environmental Footprint and Life Cycle Assessment and the Normalization scores ReCiPe 2016 database (National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, 2020) to then weight them according to the values established by the European Union (Salas, S. et al., 2018) and the one established by Shu Su through static and dynamic weighting (Shu Su, 2019). Based on the normalized and weighted results, the design with the best environmental performance corresponds to the use of pozzolanic cement together with sand lime brick, obtaining impact reductions in a range of 15% to 18%. However, it is important to mention that future research should also include the analysis of other alternative designs, as well as establishing different sources for the normalization and weighting factors to reach more sustainable solutions.
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