Citas bibligráficas
Valdivia, W., Julca, A. (2020). Efecto de la suplementación con ácidos grasos omega-3 sobre los componentes del Síndrome Metabólico en pacientes con infección por el Virus de Inmunodeficiencia Humana (VIH) en Tratamiento Antirretroviral de Gran Actividad (TARGA): Revisión Sistemática y Metaanálisis [Tesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC)]. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/652708
Valdivia, W., Julca, A. Efecto de la suplementación con ácidos grasos omega-3 sobre los componentes del Síndrome Metabólico en pacientes con infección por el Virus de Inmunodeficiencia Humana (VIH) en Tratamiento Antirretroviral de Gran Actividad (TARGA): Revisión Sistemática y Metaanálisis [Tesis]. PE: Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC); 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/652708
@misc{renati/391237,
title = "Efecto de la suplementación con ácidos grasos omega-3 sobre los componentes del Síndrome Metabólico en pacientes con infección por el Virus de Inmunodeficiencia Humana (VIH) en Tratamiento Antirretroviral de Gran Actividad (TARGA): Revisión Sistemática y Metaanálisis",
author = "Julca Malca, Alesia Isamar",
publisher = "Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC)",
year = "2020"
}
Objective: To synthesize the efficacy of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation on Metabolic Syndrome (MS) in adult with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection receiving Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART). Methods: We carried out a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. We used ATP III criteria to define MS based on five components: triglycerides, HDL, glucose, waist circumference and blood pressure. We performed a literature search in PubMed-Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, CENTRAL, LILACS, SciELO and EMBASE until December 2019. We assessed the risk of bias using the Cochrane tool for clinical trials. We calculated combined effect using random and fixed effects meta-analysis according the statistical heterogeneity. We calculated non-standardized means (ΔNSM) and standardized means (ΔSM) with Cohen’s d (Cohen-d) to estimate effect size. We registered this study in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) (ID: CRD42019115749). Results: From 13,125 records, we included 15 in our analysis: triglycerides (15), HDL (5), glucose (4), waist circumference (2) and blood pressure (1). Eight studies had high risk of bias. We performed a quantitative synthesis with nine studies for triglycerides. We observed a significant reduction in serum levels [ΔNSM: 77,50 mg/dL (CI95% -117,72 to -37,28; I2: 27,2%)] with a small effect [Cohen-d: -0,43 (CI95% -0,62 to -0,25; I2:0,0%)]. This effect was higher when omega-3 supplementation included diet and exercise [Cohen-d: -0,62 (CI95% -1,17 to -0,06; I2:0,0%)] or when the doses was greater than 4 g per day [Cohen-d: -0,58 (CI95% -0,93 to -0,23; I2:0,0%)]. We did not find variation according to basal triglyceride levels [Cohen-d: -0,43 (CI95% -0,62 to -0,25; I2:0,0%)]. For HDL, we made a meta-analysis with five studies. No significant effect was found [ΔNSM: 1,01 mg/dL (CI95% -1,35 to 3,37; I2: 0,0%)] with Cohen-d: 0,11 (CI95% -0,11 to 0,32; I2:0,0%). We found high clinical and methodological heterogeneity when evaluating the other components of MS and therefore no meta-analysis was made. Nonetheless, all the studies indicated that there was no significant effect of supplementation on serum glucose, waist circumference and blood pressure levels. Likewise, we did not perform a quantitative synthesis of adverse events by heterogeneity and lack of reporting of these on individual articles. Nevertheless, most studies reported mild adverse events in some patients compared to the placebo control group. Conclusions: The supplementation of omega-3 fatty acid in adult patients with HIV in HAART reduces the serum triglyceride levels. Furthermore, the serum levels of HDL are not affected. The evidence regarding to the other components of MS is insufficient and suggests that there would be no effect. The adverse events found were mild.
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