Citas bibligráficas
Pampamallco, J., (2022). Diseño e implementación de controladores basados en lógica difusa para una planta de procesos multipropósito [Tesis, Universidad de Ingeniería y Tecnología]. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12815/291
Pampamallco, J., Diseño e implementación de controladores basados en lógica difusa para una planta de procesos multipropósito [Tesis]. PE: Universidad de Ingeniería y Tecnología; 2022. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12815/291
@misc{renati/230537,
title = "Diseño e implementación de controladores basados en lógica difusa para una planta de procesos multipropósito",
author = "Pampamallco Jara, Jose Luis",
publisher = "Universidad de Ingeniería y Tecnología",
year = "2022"
}
The PID controller is the most widely used controller in industry today. It is estimated that such algorithm is applied in more than 90 % of industrial processes. The PID controller is used when the dynamic model of the process is available and it is more convenient when the processes are running, since it is only necessary to adjust the three gains that conform it to reach the desired set point. However, in processes where the dynamic model cannot be estimated or the mathematical calculation is too complex and the desired performance is not obtained, an option is required for such cases. Therefore, the fuzzy logic based controller is used, which is a type of intelligent control that does not depend on the mathematical model, but mimics the reasoning of a human expert. In this thesis, fuzzy logic based control blocks were developed for implementation in a Siemens PLC for the control of flow, pressure, temperature, level processes. In addition, it was also used for the strategies ratio control, cascade control and decentralized control of the processes of a multipurpose plant. To implement the control of such processes, first their respective dynamic models are found, which were achieved with the acquisition of experimental data to approximate the models through specialized software. For comparison purposes, PID control systems and fuzzy control systems were implemented in TIA Portal software. On the one hand, the PID controller presents better performance based on settling time and steady state error, as opposed to the fuzzy logic based controller for the following processes. Firstly, the flow process with a step signal of 12 - 15 l/min, comparing between the PID and fuzzy controller, the parameter that defines the best performance is the settling time of 13 seconds versus 20.5 seconds respectively. Secondly, the pressure process with a step signal of 0 - 0.2 bar, the PID controller presents settling time of 13.8 seconds and steady state error of 0.1 %; the fuzzy controller, settling time of 35 seconds and steady state error of 1.6 %. Third, in the flow ratio control strategy the performance is directly proportional, as in the flow process. Finally, in the cascade level control strategy using flow in a range of 0 - 25 cm, comparing the PID controller against the fuzzy controller comprises: settling time of 146 and 100 seconds and steady state error of 0 % and 10 % respectively for both parameters. Therefore, in processes that require the control of the flow variable or water pressure in a pipeline, the application of the PID controller is more convenient, due to its fast response and higher accuracy. On the other hand, the fuzzy controller has a better performance than the PID controller for the following processes. First, the level process with a step signal of 20 - 30 cm, the PID controller has a settling time of 60 seconds and overshoot percentage of 20.6 %; the fuzzy controller has a settling time of 41 seconds and overshoot percentage of 1.7 %. Second, the temperature process with a step of 27 - 40 ◦C, the PID controller has a settling time of 50 minutes, steady state error of 10 % and overshoot percentage of 25 %; the fuzzy controller, settling time of 40 minutes, steady state error of 0.7 % and overshoot percentage of 16.2 %. Finally, in the decentralized control strategy, the results show a lower settling time, steady state error and overshoot percentage for the fuzzy controller as opposed to the PID controller.
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